Optimal Spinning Reserve Allocation with Full AC Network Constraints Via a Nonlinear Interior Point Method

Abstract

An effective optimal spinning reserve allocation (OSRA) method is proposed in this paper using Optimal Power Flow (OPF). It enables optimal allocation of spinning reserve and load curtailment incorporating full AC network constraints and dynamic restriction on generation such as ramp-rate constraints. A Primal-Dual Interior Point (PDIP) method, which can efficiently handle both equality constraints and inequality constraints, is employed to solve the formulated dynamic OPF problem. In this model, spinning reserve and load curtailment constraints impose an interdependency between the generation output of units which usually are separable in conventional Newton OPF. A decomposition algorithm is therefore derived to handle the interdependency so that the constraint matrix of generation and that of network can be handled separately by slightly changing the entries of Hessian matrix. Therefore, the proposed method is not only still able to utilize the elegant super sparsity technique of Newton method, but also eliminates its ineffective binding active set determination procedure. Furthermore, the influences of spinning reserve on spot price (SP) are also discussed. A shift effect is observed.