Optimal sizing of battery energy storage in solar microgrid considering peak load shaving

Abstract

The power system faces a lot of challenges due to incorporation of a large number of renewable energy sources. Here, Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) can be used effectively to deal with the grid’s rising peak demands without the necessity of upgrading the grid capacity. An energy management strategy is considered based on peak load shaving combined with transformer power limit and BESS State of Charge (SOC). Cooperation Search Algorithm (CSA) is utilised to determine the number of batteries in BESS and Photovoltaic (PV) panels with the goal of maximising economic benefits. The optimisation model of solar microgrid energy storage is established and solved for three scenarios of the grid only (Base Case), BESS without PV (Case-A) and BESS with PV (Case-B). From the result, it is verified that in Case-B, the customer will pay 31% and 34% less compared to the Base Case and Case-A, respectively, towards energy costs in a day.