Abstract
In response to growing power demand and rising environmental awareness, renewable energy (RE) resources are becoming increasingly common. However, the power output of RE is intermittent, as it strongly depends on the weather conditions; this increases the difficulties for the system operator (SO) to maintain the system frequency. This paper proposes an optimal sizing and operating strategy for a battery energy storage system (BESS) which integrates with virtual synchronous generator (VSG) technologies to participate in ancillary service (AS) market. The proposed method improves the traditional dual-stage architecture of BESS capacity planning problem to speed-up computation. However, the dimension and complexity of the optimization problem would increase accordingly. Therefore, the Electron Drifting Algorithm (eDA) is proposed to solve the proposed optimization problem and improve the quality of solution. To verify the feasibility, the IEEE 30-bus test system is employed for dynamic analysis by using the dynamic power system simulation software DIgSILENT PowerFactory. This paper provides a new business model to promote investments in BESS, not only yielding economic benefits, but also effectively increasing the robustness of the grid and further accommodating additional RE.
Highlights
With the growth of the population and industrial activities, the reliance on fossil fuels has dramatically increased
This paper proposes an optimal sizing and operation strategy for a battery energy storage system (BESS) participating in the ancillary service (AS) market, considering the time-of-use (TOU) tariff to perform energy arbitrage, and integrating virtual synchronous generator (VSG) to provide instant frequency regulation service
A 500 MVA synchronous generator with traditional droop-control and totally 135 MWp solar PV systems are assumed to connect to the test system
Summary
With the growth of the population and industrial activities, the reliance on fossil fuels has dramatically increased. According to the rotor motion equations, namely, swing equations, virtual inertia control is introduced into the control algorithm of the inverters, including governor and exciter to emulate the characteristics of the rotor By using this control, the network frequency response resulting from load changes can be effectively improved. In the optimal BESS sizing problem, the general dual-loop optimization structure is widely used [18,19,20,21] separating the process into planning loop and operation loop. This paper proposes an optimal sizing and operation strategy for a BESS participating in the ancillary service (AS) market, considering the time-of-use (TOU) tariff to perform energy arbitrage, and integrating VSG to provide instant frequency regulation service. This paper proposes a new application of BESS, providing incentives for investors, and increasing the robustness of the grid to accommodate more RE systems
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