Optimal Siting and Sizing of Battery Energy Storage Systems for Distribution Network of Distribution System Operators

Panyawoot Boonluk,Pradit Fuangfoo,Sirote Khunkitti,Apirat Siritaratiwat

doi:10.3390/batteries6040056

Abstract

In this work, optimal siting and sizing of a battery energy storage system (BESS) in a distribution network with renewable energy sources (RESs) of distribution network operators (DNO) are presented to reduce the effect of RES fluctuations for power generation reliability and quality. The optimal siting and sizing of the BESS are found by minimizing the costs caused by the voltage deviations, power losses, and peak demands in the distribution network for improving the performance of the distribution network. The simulation results of the BESS installation were evaluated in the IEEE 33-bus distribution network. Genetic algorithm (GA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) were adopted to solve this optimization problem, and the results obtained from these two algorithms were compared. After the BESS installation in the distribution network, the voltage deviations, power losses, and peak demands were reduced when compared to those of the case without BESS installation.

Highlights

Nowadays, renewable energy sources (RESs) have been widely connected to distribution networks according to the advantage of electricity generation from RESs, which is clean energy, to respond to the high increasing demand in electrical power
This work aimed to find the optimal siting and sizing of the battery energy storage system (BESS) for a distribution network by minimizing the costs incurred in the distribution network, consisting of voltage regulation costs, costs due to power losses, and peak demand costs within 24 h
The objective function considered to be minimized is the total costs incurred in the distribution network consisting of the costs of voltage deviations, power losses, and peak demands

Summary

Introduction

Renewable energy sources (RESs) have been widely connected to distribution networks according to the advantage of electricity generation from RESs, which is clean energy, to respond to the high increasing demand in electrical power. RESs consist of a major drawback, which is a fluctuation of power generation, due to the uncertainty of natural sources that cannot be controlled, causing an imbalance between the supply and demand of electrical power. Electrical power flows in a reverse way and power loss occurs in distribution networks [1,2,3,4], especially the connection of privately-owned RESs to the distribution network systems of distribution network operators (DNO). Owners of RES companies usually sell electrical energy to the distribution networks based on electricity generation depending on the natural sources at that time. Energy storage systems (ESSs) have an important role and have been used in distribution networks with the connected RESs to overcome the drawbacks of RES. The ESS can balance the electrical power supply and demands [5], improve voltage deviation [6,7], reduce power loss [8,9,10,11], reduce peak demand by storing electrical energy during an Batteries 2020, 6, 56; doi:10.3390/batteries6040056 www.mdpi.com/journal/batteries

Methods

Results

Conclusion