Abstract
Sensor measurements of civil structures provide basic information on their performance. However, it is impossible to install sensors at every location owing to the limited number of sensors available. Therefore, in this study, we propose an optimal sensor placement (OSP) algorithm while reducing the system order by using the constraint condition between the master and slave modes from the target modes. The existing OSP methods are modified in this study, and an OSP approach using a constrained dynamic equation is presented. The validity and comparison of the proposed methods are illustrated by utilizing a numerical example that predicts the OSPs of the truss structure. It is observed that the proposed methods lead to different sensor layouts depending on the algorithm criteria. Thus, it can be concluded that the OSP algorithm meets the measurement requirements for various methods, such as structural damage detection, system identification, and vibration control.
Highlights
In the finite element analysis model, it is impractical to measure the response at a full set of degrees of freedom (DOFs) for electromagnetic induction
The validity and comparison of the proposed methods are illustrated in a numerical example of the optimal sensor placement (OSP) of a truss structure, which shows that the sensors are positioned at different locations because they are sensitive to the OSP algorithm criteria for meeting the objectives of measurement
We proposed OSP algorithms to design a sensor layout by deleting candidate DOFs that deviate from the objective function
Summary
In the finite element analysis model, it is impractical to measure the response at a full set of degrees of freedom (DOFs) for electromagnetic induction. Heo et al [7] proposed a kinetic energy optimization technique to design the number of sensors and their locations and compared it with the EI method. The MAC-based OSP algorithm captures the maximum value from the elements on the off-diagonal line of the MAC matrix He et al [12] presented a modified modal assurance criterion (MMAC) to improve the modal energy at selected locations and an adaptive genetic algorithm for enhancing the computational efficiency. We propose an optimal sensor design method for an order-reduced system using constraint conditions, constrained dynamic characteristics, and the modal analysis theory. The validity and comparison of the proposed methods are illustrated in a numerical example of the OSP of a truss structure, which shows that the sensors are positioned at different locations because they are sensitive to the OSP algorithm criteria for meeting the objectives of measurement
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