Abstract

In this paper, the problem of secondary distribution system (SDS) design considering plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) charging demand is addressed using meta-heuristic optimization to minimize the overall secondary system costs. The objective function and the necessary constraints are mathematically formulated and presented. The effectiveness of the proposed SDS design approach is evaluated in terms of the overall SDS costs and transformer loss of life (LOL). The proposed design approach represents an effective tool for electric utilities to accommodate PEVs during the planning stage of SDS and also when retrofitting existing SDS.

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