Abstract
Joint aeronautical and maritime search and rescue is the most effective way of performing rescues at sea. The value and effectiveness of a search and rescue (SAR) are far greater when using a coordinated air-maritime search than when using only vessels or aircraft. However, the harmonization of aeronautical and maritime SAR is complex and potentially life-threatening. When the location of the target in distress is unknown, the search process must be carried out. As the sole way to locate and rescue survivors, the search process is the most costly, hazardous, and complicated part of the whole SAR operation. This article focuses on the key problem of the optimal selection of search facilities, that is often encountered in large-area maritime search practice and urgently needs to be solved in joint aeronautical and maritime search operations. The problem may be abstracted into an optimization model with vessel and aircraft quantitative constraints that fully considers the area of the sea region to be searched, maximum speeds, search capabilities, initial distances of vessels and aircraft from the search area, and maximum endurance of aircraft. By introducing 0-1 decision variables, the search facility selection can be judged and optimized directly and effectively. By analyzing the results with different vessel and aircraft quantities, and taking the relationship between search coverage time and the number of search facilities (cost) into account, the optimal (most economic and feasible) search facility selection scheme can be produced.
Highlights
Joint aeronautical and maritime search and rescue (SAR) is an activity in which surface forces and air forces are coordinated, which has proven to be the most effective way to perform SAR at sea [1]
In forming an effective mechanism for search information support and scientific decision-making, there should be at least two elements: one is a way to grasp the information of all available forces in a timely and accurate manner, and the other is an optimal maritime search model
Maritime SAR methods have been studied for many years, and the International Aeronautical and Maritime Search and Rescue (IAMSAR) Manual has become a programmatic document for taking search action [6], [7]
Summary
Joint aeronautical and maritime search and rescue (SAR) is an activity in which surface forces (vessel facilities) and air forces (aircraft facilities) are coordinated, which has proven to be the most effective way to perform SAR at sea [1]. We make the following assumption: each vessel and aircraft are moving at the maximum speed when they rush to the search region and the search sub-area of each facility is non-overlapping; the time taken by the aircraft to travel between the search region and the air base is equal, and the time taken by the aircraft to refuel at the air base is not considered In this way, the total time (denoted as Tja) for Airj to carry out search operations during the entire search operation is equal to the sum of the search operations for all sorties, that is, a. By adding the quantitative constraint, the minimum time consumption can be obtained for different numbers of search facilities, so that the SC can balance the time cost and search facilities cost and develop an optimal scheme with less time consumption while using the fewer possible search facilities
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