Abstract
Microgrid, taking advantage of distributed power generation technology, plays an important role in maximizing the utilization of renewable energy. Based on the problems of the energy crisis, environmental contamination and the high operating cost of the microgrid, the microgrid model can effectively ease energy pressure. We can dispatch the output of each part in the microgrid to obtain the optimal economy. Since many traditional optimization algorithms have limitations of local optimization, multiple iterations, and slow convergence speed, this paper proposes a method that applies the Water Cycle Algorithm (WCA) to optimize the dispatch of the microgrid to minimize the operating cost. The mathematical model of each distributed power is established. The interactive power between the microgrid and large grid is also considered. The lowest generation cost considering environmental benefits is taken as the objective function. Water cycle algorithm is implemented to obtain the optimal solution under various constraints. Some optimization algorithms such as Genetic Algorithm (GA), Interior Search Algorithm (ISA), and Differential Search Algorithm (DSA) were used for results evaluation. By comparing the results obtained from four different algorithms, a case study shows the WCA possesses the advancements of better convergence performance, faster calculation and higher precision compared to the other algorithms. The results demonstrate that the WCA applied to determine the optimal scheduling of the microgrid can achieve a better result than some other algorithms with an acceptable accuracy and efficiency.
Highlights
To increase the utilization rate of renewable energy and solve problems of the energy shortage and environmental pollution, many countries have begun to fix attention on renewable energy power generation technologies
The system model established in this paper takes the lowest power generation cost of microgrid as Goal 1: minF1 = Cinit + Cop + CESS + Cgrid where Cinit is the total initial investment cost of all distributed power; Cop is the total operation and maintenance cost of the distributed power; CESS is the total cost of the energy storage system; and
The variables to be optimized are the output of the energy storage system (ESS), the output of the micro turbine (MT), the output of diesel engine (DE) and the power interacting with the large power grid
Summary
To increase the utilization rate of renewable energy and solve problems of the energy shortage and environmental pollution, many countries have begun to fix attention on renewable energy power generation technologies. Multi-layer ant colony optimization (MACO) is applied in [8] to settle the minimum power generation cost problem of the microgrid It has better performance than PSO in terms of convergence speed and computational efficiency. Water cycle optimization algorithm has been implemented to resolve the issue of economical emission dispatch unit commitment It performs well and obtains better solutions than GA [19]. We can know from the current research that the water cycle algorithm is superior to some other algorithms in terms of global optimization, the number of iterations, accuracy, and convergence speed It is appropriate for the problems which contain equality and inequality constraints, as well as solving linear and nonlinear problems.
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