Abstract
This study proposes optimal day-ahead demand response (DR) participation strategies and distributed energy resource (DER) management in a residential building under an individual DR contract with a grid-system operator. First, this study introduces a DER management system in the residential building for participation to the day-ahead DR market. The distributed photovoltaic generation system (PV) and energy-storage system (ESS) are applied to reduce the electricity demand in the building and sell surplus energy on the grid. Among loads in the building, lighting (LTG) and heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) loads are included in the DR program. In addition, it is assumed that a power management system of an electric vehicle (EV) charging station is integrated the DER management system. In order to describe stochastic behavior of EV owners, the uncertainty of EV is formulated based on their arrival and departure scenarios. For measuring the economic efficiency of the proposed model, we compare it with the DER self-consuming operation model without DR participation. The problem is solved using mixed integer linear programming to minimize the operating cost. The results in summer and winter are analyzed to evaluate the proposed algorithm’s validity. From these results, the proposed model can be confirmed as reducing operation cost compared to the reference model through optimal day-ahead DR capacity bidding and implementation.
Highlights
Given the current energy and environmental conditions, renewable energy generation facilities capable of fossil fuels are rapidly increasing, and research on distributed energy resources (DERs) in the microgrid are proceeding expeditiously with decarbonization policies
This study proposes an optimal DER management model of a residential building to estimate the day-ahead demand response (DR) participation capacity and corresponding hourly operation plan of resources
This study proposes an optimal DER management model of a residential building to estimate was consistent with the DR engagement strategy in a DR contract environment; it was composed of the day-ahead DR participation capacity and corresponding hourly operation plan of resources
Summary
Given the current energy and environmental conditions, renewable energy generation facilities capable of fossil fuels are rapidly increasing, and research on distributed energy resources (DERs) in the microgrid are proceeding expeditiously with decarbonization policies. Photovoltaic generation (PV), energy storage systems (ESSs), electric vehicle (EV) charging stations, and DR are considered the DER of residential buildings in previous studies [10,11,12,13]. There have been studies on optimizing DR participation using DERs. Pipattanasomporn et al proposed an intelligent home energy management algorithm for managing high-power-consumption household appliances with simulation for DR analysis [24]. To compensate for the deficiency, this study presents a practical optimization algorithm of day-ahead residential building resource operation including DR participation to contribute to the grid system. Incentives of renewable energy sources are included model under the DR individual contract conditions are respectively simulated and the results are in the DR contract to encourage the diffusion of renewable energy generation systems.
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