Optimal rotated block-diagonal preconditioning for discretized optimal control problems constrained with fractional time-dependent diffusive equations

Abstract

For a class of optimal control problems constrained with certain time- and space-fractional diffusive equations, by making use of mixed discretizations of temporal finite-difference and spatial finite-element schemes along with Lagrange multiplier approach, we obtain specially structured block two-by-two linear systems. We demonstrate positive definiteness of the coefficient matrices of these discrete linear systems, construct rotated block-diagonal preconditioning matrices, and analyze spectral properties of the corresponding preconditioned matrices. Both theoretical analysis and numerical experiments show that the preconditioned Krylov subspace iteration methods, when incorporated with these rotated block-diagonal preconditioners, can exhibit optimal convergence property in the sense that their convergence rates are independent of both discretization stepsizes and problem parameters, and their computational workloads are linearly proportional with the number of discrete unknowns.