Optimal Resource Provisioning and the Impact of Energy-Aware Load Aggregation for Dynamic Temporal Workloads in Data Centers

Abstract

An important goal of data center providers is to minimize their operational cost, which reflected through the wear-and-tear cost and the energy consumption cost. In this paper, we present optimization formulations to minimize the cost of ownership in terms of server energy consumption and server- wear-and-tear cost under three different data center server setups (homogeneous, heterogeneous, and hybrid hetero-homogeneous clusters) for dynamic temporal workloads. Our studies show that the homogeneous model takes significantly less computational time than the heterogeneous model (by an order of magnitude). To com- pute optimal configurations in near real time for large-scale data centers, we propose two modes for using our models: aggregation by maximum (preserves workload deadline) and aggregation by mean (relaxes workload deadline). In addition, we propose two aggregation methods for use in each of the two modes: static (peri- odic) aggregation and dynamic (aperiodic)aggregation. We found that in the aggregation by maximum mode, dynamic aggregation resulted in cost savings of up to approximately 18% over the static aggregation. In the aggregation by mean mode, dynamic aggrega- tion saved up to approximately a 50% workload rearrangement compared with the static aggregationby mean mode.