Abstract
This paper proposes a method for the optimal placement of phasor measurement units (PMUs) for the complete observability of a power system based on the degree of the neighbourhood vertices. A three-stage algorithm is used to determine the minimum number of PMUs needed to make the system observable. The key objective of the proposed methodology is to minimize the total number of PMUs to completely observe a power system network and thereby minimize the installation cost. In addition, the proposed technique also focuses on improving the measurement redundancy. The proposed method is applied on standard IEEE 14-bus, IEEE 24-bus, IEEE 30-bus, IEEE 57-bus and IEEE 118-bus test systems and a hybrid AC/DC microgrid test system. The results obtained are compared with already existing methods in terms of the Bus Observability Index (BOI) and System Observability Redundancy Index (SORI). The results show that the proposed method is simple to implement and provides better placement locations for effective monitoring compared to other existing methods.
Highlights
The higher penetration levels of renewable power and the deregulation of the electricity sector to satisfy the ever-increasing demand for electricity are making the power system network more vulnerable
The algorithm was tested for standard IEEE test systems including a hybrid AC/DC microgrid system
The parameters of the Bus Observability Index (BOI) and System Observability Redundancy Index (SORI) act as a measure of redundancy
Summary
The higher penetration levels of renewable power and the deregulation of the electricity sector to satisfy the ever-increasing demand for electricity are making the power system network more vulnerable. Dua et al apply a multistage approach based on Integer Linear Programming (ILP) They introduce two performance indices to measure the quality of measurement location selected [5]: the Bus Observability Index (BOI) and System Observability Redundancy Index (SORI). These indices are later used to evaluate the results obtained for the proposed method. To improve the performance of state estimators, PMUs have to be placed tactically at locations to minimize their number and maximize the coverage, thereby improving redundancy. A weight is introduced to minimize the number of PMUs and to maximize measurement redundancy Based on this weight, the vertex set is divided into influential and non-influential subsets.
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