Optimal planning of PEV fast charging stations using nash bargaining theory

Abstract

Abstract In recent years, electric vehicles (EVs), especially plug-in EVs (PEVs), have attracted a great deal of attention due to the environmental issues. For integration of PEVs, appropriate planning of PEV charging stations (CSs) is essential. The allocation of public parking lots and fast charging stations (FCSs) is very important for distribution companies (DISCOs) and private investors. In this paper, the FCS planning problem is modeled as a mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP). The Nash bargaining theory is used to analyze the interaction between the DISCO and FCS owner (FCSO). The location and size of FCS and the price of transacted energy between DISCO and FCSO are obtained, such that the objective functions of both participants are optimized. To solve the problem, the main problem is divided into a number of sub-problems, and each sub-problem is solved using Lagrange multipliers technique. The final solution is the best solution of the optimum answers of sub-problems. The results reveal that the proposed method yield equal profits for the DISCO and FCSO. Moreover, consideration of incentive for DISCO and FCSO can bring additional profits for both sides.