Abstract
Blasts can produce, in a very short time, an overload much greater than the design load of a building. The blast explosion nearby or within structures causes catastrophic damage to the building both externally and internally. This study intends to model a Cold-Formed Steel (CFS) building using Finite Element Method (FEM) in which material properties of the model are defined according to results of performed laboratory tests. Then accelerograph record of a standard blast was applied to the Finite Element (FE) model. Furthermore, various Optimal Sensor Placement (OSP) algorithms were used and Genetic Algorithm (GA) was selected to act as the solution of the optimization formulation in selection of the best sensor placement according to the blast loading response of the system. In this research a novel numerical algorithm was proposed for OSP procedure which utilizes the exact value of the structural response under blast excitation. Results show that with a proper OSP method for Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) can detect the weak points of CFS structures in different parts efficiently.
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