Abstract
This paper proposes a multi-objective index-based approach to optimally determine the size and location of multi-distributed generators (DG) units in distribution system with different load models. It is shown that load models can significantly affect the optimal location and sizing of DG resources in distribution systems. The proposed multi-objective function to be optimized includes a short circuit level parameter to represent the protective device requirements. The proposed function also considers a wide range of technical issues such as active and reactive power losses of the system, the voltage profile, the line loading and the MVA intake by the grid. The optimization technique based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) is introduced. The analysis of continuation power flow to determine the effect of DG units on the most sensitive buses to voltage collapse is carried out. The proposed algorithm is tested using the 38-bus radial system and the IEEE 30-bus meshed system. The results show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Highlights
The newly introduced distributed or decentralized generation units connected to local distribution systems are not dispatchable by central operator, but they can have a significant impact on the power flow, voltage profile, stability, continuity, short circuit level and quality of power supply for customers and electricity suppliers
In this paper it is considered that the distributed generators (DG) is operated at an unspecified power factor unlike what was commonly used in literature
Remaining buses of distribution system except the voltage controlled buses are considered for the placement of a DG of given size from the range considered
Summary
The newly introduced distributed or decentralized generation units connected to local distribution systems are not dispatchable by central operator, but they can have a significant impact on the power flow, voltage profile, stability, continuity, short circuit level and quality of power supply for customers and electricity suppliers. In [5], authors proposed a PSO algorithm to determine the optimum size and location of a single DG unit to minimize the real power losses of the system. In [7], a GA based technique along with optimal power flow (OPF) calculations were used to determine the optimum size and location of DG units installed to the system in order to minimize the cost of active and reactive power generation. In [14], authors used a GA based algorithm to determine the optimum size and location of multiple DG units to minimize the system losses and the power supplied by the main grid taking into account the limits of the voltage at each node of the system. A continuation power flow is carried out to determine the effect of DG units on the voltage stability limits using the Power System Analysis Toolbox (PSAT) [22]
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