Optimal participation and cost allocation of shared energy storage considering customer directrix load demand response

Abstract

In recent years, with the increase in the proportion of new energy connected to the grid, the main goal of energy storage on the load side and energy storage users is to maximize the overall interests. Based on the poor utilization ratio and high use cost of energy storage configured on the user side, the controllability of adjustable load and the rationality of energy storage configuration are two key points that need to be considered for social welfare maximization (SWM). Hence, this paper puts forward an implementation method of large-scale demand response (DR) based on the customer directrix load (CDL), in order to give full play to the DR of the load side and improve the utilization rate of shared energy storage (SES). First, the CDL proposed in this paper gives the full-time DR regulation target, which can better guide load shaping and solve the problem of flexible load controllability. Then, an SES configuration model based on SWM is built to further shape the load and improve the utilization rate and economy of energy storage. In addition, in the market with incomplete free competition, a recent market clearing strategy based on Vickery-Clark-groves (VCG) is proposed, which encourages market members to declare true information to achieve the global optimal effect and realize the sustainability of the proposed model. The simulation results show that with the participation of SES, the similarity of users based on CDL has increased by 8.59 % and 0.99 % respectively, and the social welfare has reached 41,297.71 yuan/day. The results also show that the reasonable cost allocation through the VCG mechanism shortens the investment return period of SES by 33.33 %, which promotes the investment enthusiasm of SES.