Abstract
Soft open point-based energy storage (SOP-based ES) can transfer power in time and space and also regulate reactive power. These characteristics help promote the integration of distributed generations (DGs) and reduce the operating cost of active distribution networks (ADNs). Therefore, this work proposed an optimal operation model for SOP-based ES in ADNs by considering the battery lifetime. First, the active and reactive power equations of SOP-based ES and battery degradation cost were modeled. Then, the optimal operation model that includes the operation cost of ADNs, loss cost, and battery degradation cost was established. The mixed integer nonlinear programming model was transformed to a mixed integer linear programming model derived through linearization treatment. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed optimization model are verified by the IEEE33 node system.
Highlights
Renewable energy power generation is a key measure to solve the contradiction between load growth, environmental protection, and energy shortage (Habibollahzade et al, 2018; Zhao and Chen, 2018)
Case 2: Two soft open point (SOP) exist in the system, and no Energy storage (ES) connects to the SOP DC side
The effectiveness and performance of the proposed model is validated by case studies
Summary
Renewable energy power generation is a key measure to solve the contradiction between load growth, environmental protection, and energy shortage (Habibollahzade et al, 2018; Zhao and Chen, 2018). (Long et al, 2016; Ji et al, 2017; Li et al, 2017; Qi et al, 2017; Ji et al, 2018; Li et al, 2019; Shafik et al, 2019) proposed a variety of multi-objective optimization operation models of the active distribution network and used an SOP to reduce the distribution network loss and improve system voltage deviation. (1) The active and reactive power equations of an SOP-based ES are established, and the cost of battery degradation is deduced. (2) An optimal operation model is established and considers the power exchange cost, loss cost, and battery degradation cost of the distribution network. The objective function is to minimize the total daily operation cost C, including the power exchange cost, network loss cost, and battery degradation cost. The initial SOC values of ES one and two are both 0.5, and the minimum and maximum SOC values of ES one and two are 0.2 and 0.9, respectively
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