Optimal Operation of Smart Grid with Fuel Cell in Isolated Islands

Abstract

From the perspective of global warming suppression and depletion of energy resources, renewable energy such as wind generation (WG), photovoltaic facility (PV) and fuel cell (FC) are getting attention in distribution systems. On the other hand, the usage of an all-electrification house is increasing in the world. So the controllable loads such as electric water heater, heat pump, and electric vehicles are introduced to the power system. In addition, the controllable load could accomplish to shift the peak demand in daytime to the low demand in nighttime and it is effective method for leveling the load and upgrading the load factor. The authors propose an optimization approach to determine operational planning of WG, PV facility, diesel generator (DG), battery energy storage system (BESS), FC and hydrogen generation facility. In this optimization approach, it is assumed that forecasted data of wind speed, solar insolated, and load demands are available. The proposed method uses tabu search and genetic algorithm for optimization method. Optimizing procedure is divided into two parts. Firstly, actual load is controlled by controllable load. Secondly, the schedule of diesel generator units commitment problem is decided in the revised load. The simulation results show the reduction of operational cost.