Abstract
This paper proposes a new optimal operation of Microgrids (MGs) in a distribution system with wind energy generators (WEGs), solar photovoltaic (PV) energy systems, battery energy storage (BES) systems, electric vehicles (EVs) and demand response (DR). To reduce the fluctuations of wind, solar PV powers and load demands, the BES systems and DR are utilized in the proposed hybrid system. The detailed modeling of WEGs, solar PV units, load demands, BES systems and EVs has been presented in this paper. The objective considered here is the minimization of total operating cost of microgrid, and it is formulated by considering the cost of power exchange between the main power grid and microgrid, cost of wind and solar PV energy systems, cost of BES systems, EVs and the cost due to the DR in the system. Simulations are performed on a test microgrid, and they are implemented using GAMS software. Various case studies are performed with and without considering the proposed hybrid system.
Highlights
In recent years, the renewable energy/green energy technologies are growing rapidly and they are set to reach ambitious targets as they have the ability to reduce energy crisis with environmentally friendly manner
Denmark has set a target of 50% of its power demand from renewables by 2030, whereas Germany has set a target of 35% and UK has set a target of 30% of its power demand from renewables by 2020 [1]
Various countries are moving towards the microgrid with RERs and other locally available distributed generation sources to get the benefits of providing power to remote areas with high power quality and reliability
Summary
The renewable energy/green energy technologies are growing rapidly and they are set to reach ambitious targets as they have the ability to reduce energy crisis with environmentally friendly manner. In [10], the DR program and battery are utilized to tackle the stochastic nature of wind, solar power generation and load demand to utilize an energy management system to manage hourly power of MG and optimally supply the demand. The main contribution of this paper is to optimize the total operating cost of microgrid (MG) by considering the power exchange between main power grid and MG, renewable energy sources, battery energy storage system, electric vehicles and demand response.
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