Abstract
Electrified transportation and power systems are mutually coupled networks. In this paper, a novel framework is developed for interdependent power and transportation networks. Our approach constitutes solving an iterative least cost vehicle routing process, which utilizes the communication of electrified vehicles (EVs) with competing charging stations, to exchange data such as electricity price, energy demand, and time of arrival. The EV routing problem is solved to minimize the total cost of travel using the Dijkstra algorithm with the input from EVs battery management system, electricity price from charging stations, powertrain component efficiencies and transportation network traffic conditions. Through the bidirectional communication of EVs with competing charging stations, EVs’ charging demand estimation is done much more accurately. Then the optimal power flow problem is solved for the power system, to find the locational marginal price at load buses where charging stations are connected. Finally, the electricity prices were communicated from the charging stations to the EVs, and the loop is closed. Locational electricity price acts as the shared parameter between the two optimization problems, i.e., optimal power flow and optimal routing problem. Electricity price depends on the power demand, which is affected by the charging of EVs. On the other hand, location of EV charging stations and their different pricing strategies might affect the routing decisions of the EVs. Our novel approach that combines the electrified transportation with power system operation, holds tremendous potential for solving electrified transportation issues and reducing energy costs. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated using Shanghai transportation network and IEEE 9-bus test system. The results verify the cost-savings for both power system and transportation networks.
Highlights
In this paper we propose a novel framework for interdependent power and electrified transportation networks
To this end we have proposed an least cost power vehicle routing process In this paper we propose a novel framework foriterative interdependent and electrified that utilizes the communication electric vehicles (EVs) an with competing charging stations to transportation networks
To thisofend we have proposed iterative least cost vehicle routing exchange data suchthe as communication electricity price,ofenergy and time of arrival. charging
Summary
Electrified vehicles (EVs) can help reduce national gasoline consumption, greenhouse gas emissions and dependency on foreign oil since they operate partly or entirely on inexpensive electricity. Electricity needed to charge the EVs can be potentially obtained from local, renewable, and less carbon-intensive energy sources [1,2]. The incorporation of a large number of EVs into existing power and transportation infrastructures remains a challenging task that needs to be addressed soon [3]. According to [4], China has increased EV utilization vigorously since 2009. The target production and sales numbers of battery-only EVs and plug-in hybrid EVs are expected to be 0.5 million until 2015 and 5 million until 2020 [4].
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