Abstract
Coordinated multi-carrier energy systems with natural gas and electricity energies provide specific opportunities to improve energy efficiency and flexibility of the energy supply. The interdependency of electricity and natural gas networks faces multiple challenges from power and gas flow in corresponding feeders and pipes and connection points between two infrastructures’ points of view. However, the energy hub concepts as the fundamental concept of multi-carrier energy systems with multiple conversion, storage, and generation facilities can be considered as a connection point between electricity and gas grids. Hence, this paper proposes an optimal operation of coordinated gas and electricity distribution networks by considering interconnected energy hubs. The proposed energy hub is equipped with combined heat and power units, a boiler, battery energy storage, a heat pump, and a gas-fired unit to meet the heating and electrical load demands. The proposed model is formulated as a two-stage scenario-based stochastic model aiming to minimize total operational cost considering wind energy, electrical load, and real-time power price uncertainties. The proposed integrated energy system can participate in real-time and day-ahead power markets, as well as the gas market, to purchase its required energy. The AC-power flow and Weymouth equation are extended to describe power and gas flow in feeders and gas pipelines, respectively. Therefore, a realistic model for the integrated electricity and gas grids considering coupling constraints is satisfied. The proposed model is tested on the integrated energy system and consists of a 33-bus electrical network and a 6-node gas grid with multiple interconnected energy hubs, where the numerical results reveal the effectiveness of the proposed model.
Highlights
The low cost and high energy efficiency of natural gas (NG) have concertedly promoted the fast growth of NG-fired units in the power system
The need for sustainable energy supply has led to an increase in the trend towards an interconnected energy system based on the electricity and natural gas carriers
This paper proposed a novel two-stage stochastic scheduling of coordinated electricity and natural gas systems in the presence of interconnected energy hubs under the probabilistic approach
Summary
The low cost and high energy efficiency of natural gas (NG) have concertedly promoted the fast growth of NG-fired units in the power system. In [33], the operability and economic feasibility of power-to-gas facility are evaluated in the context of EHs. The fast developments in energy hub-based systems have revealed the need for extending efficient methods for optimal expansion planning, management, and scheduling of EHs. A model for optimal expansion planning of an EH in the MCES was studied in [34]. The optimal stochastic operation of EH integrated with renewable energy, CHP, power-to-gas (P2G) facility, and flexible demand response to meet gas, heating and electrical loads were developed by [35]. The paper proposes two-stage stochastic scheduling of the integrated electricity and NG systems, including distributed EHs to supply electrical and heating demands, with the aim of operational cost minimization.
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