Abstract
In developed countries like Austria the renewable energy potential might outpace the demand. This requires primary energy efficiency measures as well as an energy system design that enables the integration of variable renewable energy sources. Municipal energy systems, which supply customers with heat and electricity, will play an important role in this task. The cumulative exergy consumption methodology considers resource consumption from the raw material to the final product. It includes the exergetic expenses for imported energy as well as for building the energy infrastructure. In this paper, we determine the exergy optimal energy system design of an exemplary municipal energy system by using cumulative exergy consumption minimisation. The results of a case study show that well a linked electricity and heat system using heat pumps, combined heat power plants and battery and thermal storages is necessary. This enables an efficient supply and also provides the necessary flexibilities for integrating variable renewable energy sources.
Highlights
Recent studies for Austria showed that the available potential for renewable energy sources (RES)is smaller than the current demand [1,2]
The unit expenditures are influenced by the Cumulative exergy consumption (CExC)-factor of the used energy carrier, the investment expenditures, the efficiency and the capacity factor
The lower CExC-factors in S3, S2 and S1 will not allow for an infrastructure investment as extensive as in SR
Summary
Recent studies for Austria showed that the available potential for renewable energy sources (RES)is smaller than the current demand [1,2]. Recent studies for Austria showed that the available potential for renewable energy sources (RES). To reach the goal of a fully climate neutral society, imports of RES from other countries or local efficiency measures are necessary. In this context, exergy is a useful concept for identifying efficiency potentials. Energy is subject to the law of conservation and can never be created or destroyed, exergy is the maximum useful work that can be extracted from a form of energy. It is the motive force that determines the flow of energy and it constantly deteriorates on its way through the energy system [3]. There exist a variety of tools and methods [4,5] to identify and reduce exergy destruction and exergy losses
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