Abstract
This work presents a new robust control technique which combines a model predictive control (MPC) and linear quadratic gaussian (LQG) approach to support the frequency stability of modern power systems. Moreover, the constraints of the proposed robust controller (MPC-LQG) are fine-tuned based on a new technique titled Chimp optimization algorithm (ChOA). The effectiveness of the proposed robust controller is tested and verified through a multi-area power system (i.e., single-area and two-area power systems). Each area contains a thermal power plant as a conventional generation source considering physical constraints (i.e. generation rate constraint, and governor dead band) in addition to a wind power plant as a renewable resource. The superiority of the proposed robust controller is confirmed by contrasting its performance to that of other controllers which were used in load frequency control studies (e.g., conventional integral and MPC). Also, the ChOA’s ingenuity is verified over several other powerful optimization techniques; particle swarm optimization, gray wolf optimization, and ant lion optimizer). The simulation outcomes reveal the effectiveness as well as the robustness of the proposed MPC-LQG controller based on the ChOA under different operating conditions considering different load disturbances and several penetration levels of the wind power.
Highlights
Significant efforts have been developed for increasing the share of renewable energy sources (RESs) into power grids to reduce the problems arising from fossil fuel problems associated with traditional power plants [1]
These results address the ability of the proposed model predictive control (MPC)–linear quadratic gaussian (LQG) controller relied on the chimp optimization algorithm (ChOA) technique for dealing with the effect of the high renewables penetration, system uncertainties, and nonlinearities
A robust MPC-LQG controller has been proposed to eliminate the system fluctuations resulting from system nonlinearities, uncertainties, and high wind power penetration
Summary
Significant efforts have been developed for increasing the share of renewable energy sources (RESs) into power grids to reduce the problems arising from fossil fuel problems associated with traditional power plants [1]. The RESs penetration has an appreciable influence on the operation as well as stability of the power system due to its effect in reducing the system’s inertia. As the interpenetrating level of RESs grows, the system frequency fluctuates much more, and the reliability of the system is severely affected [2], [3]. The high demand for human activities in consuming high electricity than the considered generation increases the instability problem. These instability problems affect the operation of the system and security. It is necessary to avoid any reasons that lead to deviations in the system frequency/voltage to preserve the reliability and security of the system. Load frequency control (LFC) is regarded as the best solution to eliminate the frequency and tie-line power deviations in interconnected systems, return the system to its normal operation [4]
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