Optimal Location of Phasor Measurement Unit Using Ant Colony Optimization Under Contingency

Abstract

Accurate and fast monitoring is achieved by using the real time synchronized phasor data obtained from Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU). As the cost of PMU is more expensive, it is not economical to install PMU at all the nodes of a power system. Therefore, it is very much essential to implement an optimal method for PMU location. In this research work, implementation of Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) for optimal PMU placement under normal and single PMU loss conditions is discussed. The PMUs are placed in such a manner that all voltage phasors and current phasors are measurable with a minimum number of PMUs. The proposed ACO is able to locate the PMUs optimally enabling the complete measurement of all voltage and current phasors with a minimum number of PMUs. The ACO is an efficient optimization algorithm to optimize the placement of the PMU for measuring the voltage and current phasors with minimum no of PMU. The proposed method is demonstrated in IEEE 14 bus, IEEE 30 bus, and IEEE 57 bus to find the optimal location of PMU under normal and for single PMU loss conditions.