Abstract
This article presents the selection of location and sizing of multiple distributed generators (DGs) for boosting performance of the radial distribution system in the case of constant power load flow and constant impedance load flow. The consideration of placing and sizing of DGs is to meet the load demand. This article tries to overcome the limitations of existing techniques for determining the appropriate location and size of DGs. The selection of DG location is decided in terms of real power losses, accuracy, and sensitivity. The size of DG is measured in terms of real and reactive power. Both positioning and sizing of DG are analyzed with the genetic algorithm and the heuristic probability distribution method. The results are compared with other existing methods such as ant-lion optimization algorithm, coyote optimizer, modified sine-cosine algorithm, and particle swarm optimization. Further, the power quality improvement of the network is assessed by positioning D-STATCOM, and its location is decided on the basis of the nearby bus having poor voltage profile and high total harmonic distortion (THD). The switching and controlling of D-STATCOM are assessed with fuzzy logic controller (FLC) for improving the performance parameters such as voltage profile and THD at that particular bus. The proposed analytical approach for the system is tested on the IEEE 33 bus system. It is observed that the performance of the system with the genetic algorithm gives a better solution in comparison to heuristic PDF and other existing methods for determining the optimal location and size of DG. The introduction of D-STATCOM into the system with FLC shows better performance in terms of improved voltage profile and THD in comparison to existing techniques.
Highlights
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutralThe current activities of the advanced power system have become very complicated, which needs to necessarily satisfy the increasing energy needs in an efficient manner [1,2].The civil, fiscal, and other substantial considerations warrant the site of generation centers being placed at places distant from load centers
The optimal locations of distributed generators (DGs) are selected in terms of performance parameters such as line power losses, sensitivity, and accuracy while sizing of DG is obtained in terms of real and reactive power
It is evident that the parameters such as voltage profile, line power loss, accuracy, sensitivity, total harmonic distortion (THD), etc. are improved with the genetic algorithm (GA) method as compared to the heuristic PDF
Summary
The current activities of the advanced power system have become very complicated, which needs to necessarily satisfy the increasing energy needs in an efficient manner [1,2]. The advanced algorithms [34,35] or other existing techniques for identifying the size and location of DG have the biggest challenge of improper total harmonic distortion (THD), sensitivity, and accuracy. It is observed in literature that the THD value obtained was in the range of 15–18%, accuracy and sensitivity are in the range of 10–15% which are quite high and inadequate, due to which voltage profile is distorted Such issues with existing techniques create the motivation to overcome these problems. Heuristic optimization strategy which is a combination of two methods, namely, Poisson distribution method and normal distribution method, is utilized to find the performance of the radial distribution system and show the effectiveness of GA in its comparison Such a heuristic method requires more effort for providing detailed solutions in terms of accuracy, sensitivity, realism, and power loss.
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