Abstract
Due to the great impact of the penetration and locations of distributed generators (DG) on the performance of the distribution system, this paper proposes a modified moth flame optimization (MMFO) algorithm. Two modifications are proposed in MMFO to enhance the exploration and exploitation balance and overcome the shortcomings of the original MFO. The proposed MMFO is used to find the optimal location and sizing of DG units based on renewable energy sources in the distribution system. The main objective function is to minimize the total operating cost of the distribution system by considering the minimization of the total active power loss, voltage deviation of load buses, the DG units cost, and emission. This multi-objective function is converted to a coefficient single objective function with achieving different constraints. Also, the bus location index is employed to introduce the sorting list of locations to accomplish the narrow candidate buses list. Based on the candidate buses, the proposed MMFO is used to get the optimal location and sizing of DG units. The proposed MMFO algorithm has been applied to the IEEE 69-bus test distribution system and the results are compared with other published algorithms to prove its effectiveness and superiority.
Highlights
The distributed generators (DG) integrated into the distribution system have major positive impacts on the performance of the system, due to its ability to decrease the loss of transmission lines, improve the voltage stability, increasing the reliability and reducing the pollutant emission based on DG technology types [1]–[3].The penetration of DG units in the distribution system is becoming more widespread because of the growth of demand load, reduction of pollutant emission and deregulated of the electrical power market
The notability of the developed modified moth flame optimization (MMFO) method in determining the optimal location and sizing of different DG units is proved in this paper compared with other published algorithms
The simulation results for locating and sizing three DG units based on developed MMFO in comparison with other published techniques are shown in Tables 5 and 6
Summary
The distributed generators (DG) integrated into the distribution system have major positive impacts on the performance of the system, due to its ability to decrease the loss of transmission lines, improve the voltage stability, increasing the reliability and reducing the pollutant emission based on DG technology types [1]–[3]. The problem of determining the optimal location and sizes of DG units has subject to great interest recently in order to achieve many objectives such as minimization of real power loss, improvement voltage profile, improvement power system quality and increasing both efficiency and reliability of the distribution system. In [24] at different load levels, the objective function to find optimal location and sizing of DGs is reducing real and reactive power losses which solved by using biogeography-based optimization (BBO) algorithm. The proposed MMFO is employed to find the optimal location and sizing of DGs based on different dispatchable and non-dispatchable DGs units in order to minimize the total operating cost of the distribution system. Introduce the problem formulation of finding the optimal location and sizing of DG units based on renewable energy sources to minimize the total operating cost considering four different objective functions. According to the values calculated by BLI, the priority ranking list can be constructed in descending order, which means that the greater values of BLI are more favorable to connect DGs
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