Abstract
In this paper, we propose a master–slave methodology to address the problem of optimal integration (location and sizing) of Distributed Generators (DGs) in Direct Current (DC) networks. This proposed methodology employs a parallel version of the Population-Based Incremental Learning (PPBIL) optimization method in the master stage to solve the location problem and the Vortex Search Algorithm (VSA) in the slave stage to solve the sizing problem. In addition, it uses the reduction of power losses as the objective function, considering all the constraints associated with the technical conditions specific to DGs and DC networks. To validate its effectiveness and robustness, we use as comparison methods, different solution methodologies that have been reported in the specialized literature, as well as two test systems (the 21 and 69-bus test systems). All simulations were performed in MATLAB. According to the results, the proposed hybrid (PPBIL–VSA) methodology provides the best trade-off between quality of the solution and processing times and exhibits an adequate repeatability every time it is executed.
Highlights
We present a general context of the problem addressed, the literature review process that was undertaken, explain the proposed methodology and main contributions, and outline the document organization
To address the problem of optimal integration of Distributed Generators (DGs) into Direct Current (DC) networks, we propose a hybrid methodology based on the Population-Based Incremental Learning (PPBIL) algorithm [1] and the Vortex Search Algorithm (VSA) [25]
These methodologies propose the implementation of two optimization algorithms for binary variables (PPBIL and Genetic Algorithm (GA)) and a Parallel Monte-Carlo (PMC) solution, and, in the slave stage, they use the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Continuous Genetic Algorithm (CGA), and Black Hole (BH) algorithms to solve the problem of sizing of DGs, leading to the following hybrid methodologies: PPBIL–PSO, PPBIL
Summary
We present a general context of the problem addressed, the literature review process that was undertaken, explain the proposed methodology and main contributions, and outline the document organization. In both conventional and current electrical systems, different technical and economic aspects that directly affect network operators and users must be enhanced, including their high investment and operating costs, high levels of energy loss associated with energy transportation, and high levels of pollution due to the implementation of power generation sources based on fossil fuels [1]. To address these issues, the electrical sector and several authors have recently focused on developing and promoting various strategies [2]. These latter sources are some of the most widely applied and developed technologies and the focus of this paper
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