Optimal Location and Control of Multi Hybrid Model Based Wind-Shunt FACTS to Enhance Power Quality

Abstract

Modern power system becomes more complex and difficult to control with the wide integration of renewable energy and flexible ac transmission systems (FACTS). In recent years many types of renewable source (Wind, solar,) and FACTS devices (SVC, STATCOM, TCSC, UPFC) integrated widely in the electricity market. Wind power industry has been developing rapidly, and high penetration of wind power into grid is taking place, (Bent, 2006), (Mahdad.b et al., 2011). According to the Global Wind Energy Council, GWEC, 15.197 MW wind turbine has been installed in 2006 (Chen et al. 2008), in terms of economic value, the wind energy sector has now become one of the important players in the energy markets, with the total value of new generating equipment installed in 2006 reaching US 23 billion. FACTS philosophy was first introduced by (Hingorani, N.G., 1990), (Hingorani, N.G., 1999) from the Electric power research institute (EPRI) in the USA, although the power electronic controlled devices had been used in the transmission network for many years before that. The objective of FACTS devices is to bring a system under control and to transmit power as ordered by the control centers, it also allows increasing the usable transmission capacity to its thermal limits. With FACTS devices we can control the phase angle, the voltage magnitude at chosen buses and/ or line impedances. In practical installation and integration of renewable energy in power system with consideration of FACTS devices, there are five common requirements as follows (Mahdad. b et al., 2011): 1. What Kinds of renewable source and FACTS devices should be installed? 2. Where in the system should be placed? 3. How to estimate economically the number, optimal size of renewable source and FACTS to be installed in a practical network? 4. How to coordinate dynamically the interaction between multiple type renewable source, multi type of FACTS devices and the network to better exploit their performance to improve the reliability of the electrical power system? 5. How to review and adjust the system protection devices to assure service continuity and keep the indices power quality at the margin security limits? Optimal placement and sizing of different type of renewable energy in coordination with FACTS devices is a well researched subject which in recent years interests many expert