Optimal Lead Position in Patch-Type Monitoring Sensors for Reconstructing 12-Lead ECG Signals with Universal Transformation Coefficient.

Dongseok Lee,Hyunbin Kwon,Chulhun Seo,Kwangsuk Park,Hongji Lee

doi:10.3390/s20040963

Abstract

The aim of this study was to reconstruct a 12-lead electrocardiograph (ECG) with a universal transformation coefficient and find the appropriate electrode position and shape for designing a patch-type ECG sensor. A 35-channel ECG monitoring system was developed, and 14 subjects were recruited for the experiment. A feedforward neural network with one hidden layer was applied to train the transformation coefficient. Three electrode shapes (5 cm × 5 cm square, 10 cm × 10 cm square, and right-angled triangle) were considered for the patch-type ECG sensor. The mean correlation coefficient (CC) and minimum CC methods were applied to evaluate the reconstruction performance. The average CCs between the standard 12-lead ECG and reconstructed 12-lead ECG were 0.860, 0.893, and 0.893 for a 5 cm × 5 cm square, 10 cm × 10 cm square, and right-angled triangle shape. The right-angled triangle showed the highest performance among the considered shapes. The results also suggested that the bottom of the central area of the chest was the most suitable position for attaching the patch-type ECG sensor.

Highlights

An electrocardiograph (ECG) is used to measure irregular rhythms during cardiovascular activity and diagnose heart diseases
The minimum CC was the highest when the electrodes were located at the wide line starting from the left clavicle to the right abdomen in both the artificial neural network (ANN) and and (d) right‐angled triangular shape combinations
The electrode combination that showed the highest CC in the 5 cm × 5 cm square area is described

Summary

Introduction

An electrocardiograph (ECG) is used to measure irregular rhythms during cardiovascular activity and diagnose heart diseases. A 12-lead ECG is utilized as a gold standard tool to diagnose cardiovascular diseases such as myocardial infarction and atrial fibrillation. A 12-lead ECG comprises ten electrodes: three electrodes are attached on the patient’s left arm, right arm, and left leg to measure the limb leads (lead I, II, and III) and augmented limb leads (aVR, aVL, and aVF), six electrodes are placed on the patient’s chest to calculate the precordial lead Information regarding the heart activity can be obtained using a 12-lead ECG. The correct use of a 12-lead ECG requires special medical knowledge because the electrodes should be attached at the exact position. Multiple electrodes on the patient’s limb and chest may disturb the patient’s free movement and make the patient feel uncomfortable during long-term monitoring

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Conclusion