Optimal layout and scale of charging stations for electric vehicles

Abstract

Considering energy security and environmental protection, electric vehicles will become a major choice for developing China's automobile industry. The popularization of electric vehicles depends on convenient charging. As the theoretical basis for charging stations, a dynamic traffic network method is used to build a multi-objective optimization model with hard-time-window constraint to obtain the optimal layout and scale of these charging stations. In this model, a minimum capital and charging cost is considered as the optimal objective, and a two-phase heuristic algorithm is proposed to solve this model. Finally, a case study on a simple example verifies the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed model. Results show that the layout of electric vehicle charging stations is determined by the charging demand of different locations and charging time constraints, and that the scale of charging stations is related to the number of electric vehicles, layout of charging stations and duration of charging at peak hours.