Abstract
Most commercially available hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) drivetrains are made of small internal combustion (IC) engines and large electric drives to improve fuel economy. They usually have higher cost than the conventional IC-engine-based vehicles because of the high costs of the electric drives. This paper proposes a hybridized powertrain composed of the original full-size engine of the vehicle and a universally optimum size parallel electric drive. The dynamic programming (DP) algorithm was used to obtain the sensitivity of the maximum miles per gallon (MPG) values versus the power rating of the electric drive. This sensitivity was then analyzed to determine the optimal window of the electric drive power ratings. This was proven to be universal for all passenger cars of various masses and engine powers. The fuel economy and vehicle performance of this HEV was compared with those of the 2019 Toyota Corolla, a conventional IC-engine-based vehicle, and the 2019 Toyota Prius, a commercially available HEV. The results showed that the proposed universally optimized HEV powertrain achieved better fuel economy and vehicle performance than both the original ICE and HEV vehicles, at low additional vehicle cost.
Highlights
Introduction of Conventional ICE VehiclesEngConventional vehicles, powered by internal combustion (IC) engines, are a major source of carbon dioxide emission, causing global warming [1]
This paper presents the results of this optimization using the dynamic programming (DP) algorithm to analyze the sensitivity of the fuel consumption to the electric drive power ratings
To optimize the power rating of the electric drive, Pm_rated, in a full-size engine hybrid electric vehicle (HEV), the DP algorithm discussed in the previous section is used to calculate the minimum total fuel consumption, which is equivalent to the maximum miles per gallon (MPG), during four typical driving cycles (FTP75 Urban, FTP75 Highway, LA92, and SC03) under various values of Pm_rated
Summary
The full-size engine has been used in a commercially available vehicle propelled solely by the IC engine (hereinafter called an IC engine vehicle). The three IC engine vehicles have different curb masses and IC engine power ratings, as shown, which can represent compact, medium-sized and large-sized passenger cars on the market. Eng 2021, 2, FOR PEER REVIEW have different curb masses and IC engine power ratings, as shown, which can represent compact, medium-sized and large-sized passenger cars on the market. It contains two power plants, an IC engine and an electric motor.
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