Abstract
Considerable controversy continues over the optimal hematocrit target for dialysis patients being treated with recombinant erythropoietin. Recent short-term studies have demonstrated a significant improvement in brain function when hematocrit is 42% compared with when it is 31%. Questions regarding the safety of long-term maintenance of a normal hematocrit have been raised; however, this is in part because of the early termination of the Normal Hematocrit Cardiac Trial, in which there was an increased occurrence of death or nonfatal myocardial infarction in patients randomly assigned to the normal hematocrit group. For the present, a target hematocrit of 36% seems reasonable and safe.
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