Optimal frequency response of VPP-based power systems considering participation coefficient

Abstract

The remarkable presence of renewable resources and the consequent development of virtual power plants (VPPs) in interconnected networks can reduce inertia and spinning reserve in power systems. This issue has created a challenge for power system engineers and analysts to maintain frequency stability in VPPs. Based on the system frequency response (SFR) model and the principal equations of VPPs, this paper presents a new model for the frequency response of a VPP-based interconnected power system. By presenting a method, the optimal reserve amount of generation units of VPP is determined in order to obtain the best frequency response in the frequency recovery for deal with system disturbances. Finally, to analyze the frequency response of the system, various scenarios of the presence or absences of each new resource and its combination with the conventional power networks are simulated. The simulation results indicated the need for the participation of energy storage systems (ESS) and renewable generation resources to safeguard the network frequency stability.