Optimal experimental dynamical decoupling of both longitudinal and transverse relaxations

Abstract

Both longitudinal and transverse relaxations exist in the practical environment. Their simultaneous eliminations are extremely demanding in real applications. Previous experimental work has focused mainly on the suppression of transverse relaxation. In this paper we investigate the performance of three important dynamical decoupling schemes---quadratic dynamical decoupling, periodic dynamical decoupling, and concatenated dynamical decoupling---in an environment with hybrid errors. We propose a method to engineer arbitrary environment by modulating the control field. The technique developed here is universal and can be applied to other quantum information processing systems. Three-dimensional filter functions technique is utilized to analyze the fidelity decay of a one-qubit state protected by dynamical decoupling sequences. This enables us to quantitatively compare the performance of different dynamical decoupling sequences and demonstrate the superiority of quadratic dynamical decoupling in experiments for the first time. Our work reveals that quadratic dynamical decoupling is optimal conditioned on the appropriate noise properties. The difference of constructing dynamical decoupling sequences with various Pauli pulses is also investigated.