Optimal Energy Management of Electric Vehicles Supplied by Battery and Supercapacitors: A Multi-Objective Approach

Abstract

AbstractExcluding passive topology, hybrid energy storage system (HESS) requires energy management strategy (EMS) which is traditionally developed by mono-objective approach. Meanwhile, energy management of HESS can be considered as multi-objective problems. Recently, multi-objective EMS has been studied; however, there is a lack of a proper benchmark for performance evaluation and/or EMS tuning. This chapter proposes a methodology for multi-objective global optimal EMS generating a Pareto front benchmark. The optimization process is organized in the form of a hierarchical structure, whereas the optimal solutions are obtained by using dynamic programming (DP) algorithm. Filtering strategy is used as an example of a rule-based strategy for performance evaluation using the generated benchmark. Numerical validations are carried out based on a real electric vehicle (EV) platform of our laboratory. The results confirm the advantages of the proposed approach for multi-objective benchmarking the real-time EMS performance by comparing to the generated Pareto front. Representative solutions in accordance with the typical weighting factor values are also reported to demonstrate the advanced EMS behaviors with different priorities given to the considered objectives. The proposed EMS can therefore be insightful to design and/or to tune the real-time strategies.