Optimal EC Value and Pruning Strategy for Enhanced Growth in Hydroponic Watermelon Cultivation

Abstract

This study investigated the impact of electrical conductivity (EC) values and pruning methods on the growth and yield of hydroponic watermelon plants (Citrullus lanatus) at the Wedomartani experimental station, Sleman DIY, from May to August 2022. Using a field experiment in a split plot design, the effects of varying EC values during different plant growth phases and differing pruning practices were evaluated. EC values (in mS/cm) for the vegetative I, vegetative II, and generative phases were manipulated at 1.2;2.0;2.8, 1.5;2.1;3.1, and 1.8;2.6;3.4 respectively, while pruning involved maintaining 2 branches and 1 fruit, 3 branches and 1 fruit, and 3 branches and 2 fruits respectively. Analyses of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at a 5% level revealed that EC significantly impacted plant height at 14, 21, and 28 days after planting (DAP), stem diameter at 28 DAP, and leaf area at 14 DAP, but not fruit weight per plant. Pruning had a significant effect on plant height at 14 DAP, with the best results obtained from maintaining 2 branches and 1 fruit. No interaction was found between EC value and pruning on watermelon plant growth and yield. These findings offer potential strategies for improving yield in hydroponic watermelon cultivation.