Abstract
The continuous stability of hybrid microgrids (MGs) has been recently proposed as a critical topic, due to the ever-increasing growth of renewable energy sources (RESs) in low-inertia power systems. However, the stochastic and intermittent nature of RESs poses serious challenges for the stability and frequency regulation of MGs. In this regard, frequency control ancillary services (FCAS) can be introduced to alleviate the transient effects during substantial variations in the operating point and the separation from main power grids. In this paper, an efficient scheme is introduced to create a coordination among distributed energy resources (DERs), including combined heat and power, diesel engine generator, wind turbine generators, and photovoltaic panels. In this scheme, the frequency regulation signal is assigned to DERs based on several distribution coefficients, which are calculated through conducting a multi-objective optimization problem in the MATLAB environment. A meta-heuristic approach, known as the artificial bee colony algorithm, is deployed to determine optimal solutions. To prove the efficiency of the proposed scheme, the design is implemented on a hybrid MG. Various operational conditions which render the system prone to experience frequency fluctuation, including switching operation, load disturbance, and reduction in the total inertia of hybrid microgrids, are studied in PSCAD software. Simulation results demonstrate that this optimal control scheme can yield a more satisfactory performance in the presence of grid-following and grid-forming resources during different operational conditions.
Highlights
Carbon emissions and energy sustainability are significant challenges that can be addressed by proper penetration plans of renewable energy sources (RESs) in modern power systems
In scenario III, the total inertia decreases to 70% of its nominal value, in order to assess the operation of distributed energy resources (DERs) in frequency stability
Scenario III considers the frequency deviation improvement using different penetration levels of DERs, as well as combined heat and power (CHP) contribution obtained from the artificial bee colony (ABC) meta-heuristic algorithm
Summary
Carbon emissions and energy sustainability are significant challenges that can be addressed by proper penetration plans of renewable energy sources (RESs) in modern power systems. The main concern of operating MGs is frequency stability and introducing frequency ancillary service programs [9] Both frequency and voltage oscillations can be alleviated by traditional generation units in grid-connected mode [10,11]; the aforementioned terms should be mitigated in islanded mode, based on intelligent control frameworks. In our paper, this power generation unit is defined as a frequency control ancillary service (FCAS), which compensates for residential or industrial loads during a generation imbalance.
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
