Optimal dimensioning and operation of a grid-supporting energy storage system

Abstract

Energy storage systems could offer a new solution for overcoming the power-overloading problem on power grids. This paper presents a method for the optimal dimensioning and operation of a grid-supporting storage system, which could be applied in a 110 kV high voltage grid in Germany, in order to minimize the grid expansion. An algorithm optimizing the behavior of a controlled storage system connected to on one of the substations of the grid will be introduced in this paper. This algorithm describes a linear optimization problem, which depending on the measured residual load on the substations and the power flow on the connected lines, finds the minimally required rated capacity and power of the storage system that ensure a safe operation of the grid. In a further step, the resulted sizing parameters of the storage system have been appended as further constraints of the optimization problem in order to determine the optimal operation mode of the storage system over time. By means of time-series based load flow calculations on a test system, the contribution of the optimized dimensioning and operation of the energy storage system to the reduction of the power grid overload has been verified.