Abstract
The Sermo Reservoir is located in Kulon Progo District, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. It plays a vital role in providing water to its surrounding communities. According to the geological structure of this area, a fault exists near the Ngrancah River and passes through the reservoir’s inundation. At present, a network consists of 15 Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) monitoring stations spread around the Sermo Fault to monitor its deformation. However, this network was designed without consideration of geological parameters. This study aimed to design an optimal deformation monitoring network of the Sermo Fault by taking into account geological information and evaluate the existing network, specifically, the optimal distance for the station to the fault plane. Geological surveys were carried out to obtain information regarding the type and characteristics of the fault. This information was used as one of the parameters in the optimization design, using sensitivity criteria, of a network to monitor for the optimal distance between the observation station and fault. Using the strike-slip fault model, the optimal distance obtained was from 4.5 to 8.5 km from the fault plane. The existing stations of the Sermo Fault deformation monitoring network are about 0.07–3.3 km away from the fault. Therefore, the network is insufficiently sensitive and needs to be developed by adding stations that are more than 4.5 km away from the fault. This study designed an alternative network by rearranging the stations’ location to obtain a better configuration and sensitivity.
Highlights
The Sermo Reservoir is located in Kulon Progo District, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia
For V = 25 mm/ year, monitoring stations contributed to the sensitivity if the distance was between 6.5 and 8.5 km; while for V = 30 mm/ year, the optimum distance was between 7 and 8 km
Using precision criteria as constraint functions in network design optimization resulted in insignificant differences in findings, in which the monitoring point was recommended to be installed at a distance of 7–8 km (Gerasimenko et al 2000)
Summary
The Sermo Reservoir is located in Kulon Progo District, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. According to the main report of Sermo Reservoir Project Detailed Design Work (Departemen Pekerjaan Umum 1985), the geological structure. In humid areas, such as in the Sermo Reservoir, faults can be buried by thick sediments or have thick soil developed along and across them. For this reason, their geomorphic expressions are subdued and can be undetectable (Marliyani et al 2016).
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