Optimal Design of Liquid-Cooled Plates for Lithium-Ion Batteries Using Multi-Objective Topology Optimization

Abstract

This paper proposes a design method for liquid-cooled plates of lithium-ion batteries based on topology optimization. First, as a multi-objective optimization function, the Pareto algorithm is constructed as a weighted combination of viscous dissipation index and homogenous temperature index. Next, the optimal configuration of the channel with different import/export arrangements and different weighting factors is investigated using the fluid pressure drop and maximum temperature as evaluation indices, and the three-dimensional lithium-ion-battery liquid-cooled heat dissipation model is validated on this basis. The results show that under the adiabatic boundary conditions, the channel configuration with the import/export arranged in parallel diagonally on the long side has good overall performance in terms of fluid pressure drop, and so it has the lowest external pump power consumption, the maximum temperature of the channel configuration with the import/export arranged vertically diagonally is the lowest, and the cooling effect is best. Compared with the conventional fence-shaped channel, the optimized channel screened based on the Pareto optimal solution set reduces the maximum cell temperature by 0.21 K, the fluid pressure drop of the channel by 18.25%, and the cell temperature difference by 5.17%; compared with the serpentine channel, the fluid pressure drop is reduced by 85.55%.