Abstract
In this paper, the Novel Immune Algorithm (NIA) is proposed for an optimal design of electrical machines. By coupling the conventional Immune Algorithm and Steepest Descent Method, the NIA can perform fast and exact convergence to both global solutions and local solutions. Specifically, the concept of an antibody radius is newly introduced to improve the ability to navigate full areas effectively and to find new peaks by excluding already searched areas. The validity of the NIA is confirmed by mathematical test functions with complex objective function regions. The NIA is applied to an optimal design of an interior permanent magnet synchronous motor for fuel cell electric vehicles and to derive an optimum design with diminished torque ripple.
Highlights
As the problems of energy crisis and environmental pollution have become more serious, electric vehicles, such as fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs), are an increasing portion of the market, as they are cleaner than conventional internal combustion engine vehicles [1,2]
Owing to such structural characteristics, the interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) has either higher average torque or superior performance at high speed compared with a surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous motor [6,7]
An engineer should design a motor for FCEV to have lower torque ripple for the purpose of comfortable driving and improved control stability, because torque ripple causes vibration and noise in the motor [8,9]
Summary
As the problems of energy crisis and environmental pollution have become more serious, electric vehicles, such as fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs), are an increasing portion of the market, as they are cleaner than conventional internal combustion engine vehicles [1,2]. As FCEVs require high-power density and high efficiency, the interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM). IPMSM is a motor in which permanent magnets are embedded in the rotor core. Owing to such structural characteristics, the IPMSM has either higher average torque or superior performance at high speed compared with a surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous motor [6,7]. An engineer should design a motor for FCEV to have lower torque ripple for the purpose of comfortable driving and improved control stability, because torque ripple causes vibration and noise in the motor [8,9]. This paper aims at the optimal design of an IPMSM for FCEVs to have lower torque ripple and satisfying rated torque
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