Optimal design of distributed energy system in a neighborhood under uncertainty

Abstract

Distributed energy systems (DES) are widely accepted as the future generation of the energy systems. The number of studies in all related fields corroborates the assertion that these systems are in their infancy and need to develop more in terms of efficiency and economizing. Admittedly, these systems are hardly lucrative and poor planning is one of many hurdles standing in the way of their profitability. Disregarding uncertainty as an innate characteristic of the real world seems one of the improper simplifications of this planning. To cover this gap, the paper is mainly focused on designing an energy system in a neighborhood including its pipeline network under demand uncertainty concerning data insufficiency. Therefore, a new model for planning in a neighborhood is presented and then reformulated to its robust counterpart. Various technologies like PV array, chillers, boiler, storage tank, and CHPs are considered in order to meet the cooling, heating and electrical demands. The probable consequences of the demand uncertainty are studied to the length. The outcomes reveal that the unit sizes and pipeline network are highly dependent on the decision maker's level of conservatism.