Abstract
The underwater acoustic sensor network (UWASN) is a system that exchanges data between numerous sensor nodes deployed in the sea. The UWASN uses an underwater acoustic communication technique to exchange data. Therefore, it is important to design a robust system that will function even in severely fluctuating underwater communication conditions, along with variations in the ocean environment. In this paper, a new algorithm to find the optimal deployment positions of underwater sensor nodes is proposed. The algorithm uses the communication performance surface, which is a map showing the underwater acoustic communication performance of a targeted area. A virtual force-particle swarm optimization algorithm is then used as an optimization technique to find the optimal deployment positions of the sensor nodes, using the performance surface information to estimate the communication radii of the sensor nodes in each generation. The algorithm is evaluated by comparing simulation results between two different seasons (summer and winter) for an area located off the eastern coast of Korea as the selected targeted area.
Highlights
The underwater acoustic sensor network (UWASN) has recently attracted considerable attention because of its potential for use in a variety of military and civilian applications, such as ocean environmental monitoring, ocean exploration, target detection, surveillance systems, and communication among underwater sensor nodes [1,2,3,4].In the UWASN, a number of sensor nodes are deployed in the ocean to collect data, which must be successfully exchanged among adjacent sensor nodes
The deployment efficiency of sensor nodes in the UWASN is evaluated in terms of their connectivity and the area covered by the limited number of sensor nodes in the targeted area, because underwater sensor devices are more expensive and more difficult to deploy at precise positions compared to sensor nodes on land [5]
The optimal optimal deployment deploymentperformance performanceofofthe the sensor nodes based on the communication
Summary
In the UWASN, a number of sensor nodes are deployed in the ocean to collect data, which must be successfully exchanged among adjacent sensor nodes. For this reason, each sensor node must be positioned to be able to perform collaborative communication tasks over a targeted area. The deployment efficiency of sensor nodes in the UWASN is evaluated in terms of their connectivity and the area covered by the limited number of sensor nodes in the targeted area, because underwater sensor devices are more expensive and more difficult to deploy at precise positions compared to sensor nodes on land [5]. Underwater acoustic communication presents a challenging problem in that the underwater acoustic communication
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