Optimal daytime feeding regimen to prevent postprandial hypoglycemia in type 1 glycogen storage disease

Abstract

To determine the optimal daytime dietary regimen for type 1 glycogen storage disease (GSD), we used uncooked cornstarch (UCS) at a basal glucose production rate (GPR) in single and divided doses, with mixed meals at 0700 and 1700 h. This regimen was compared with a 1.5 times larger single dose of UCS at 0700 h, and with dextrose at GPR at 1200 h. Two-hour UCS loads (amount equal to GPR in 2 h) given with a mixed meal at 0700 h and 180 min later maintained mean blood glucose (BG) concentrations at greater than or equal to 4.2 mmol/L for 300 min. BG was significantly greater from 240 to 300 min compared with a single 4-h UCS load, and at 300 min compared with a single 6-h UCS load. Similar effects were noted when the divided UCS regimen was given with a mixed meal at 1700 h, but not when isoenergetic amounts of dextrose were given on the same schedules with a mixed meal at 1200 h. A daytime schedule of six UCS feedings (with the three main meals and 180 min later) at GPR maintains BG at concentrations that should minimize biochemical abnormalities and optimize clinical outcome in patients with GSD.