Abstract
Applications in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are rapidly spreading out over the world. The one critical point of WSNs is energy consumption, where the transmitted data is limited by battery energy. Solar energy is used to handle the depletion of the battery energy via photo voltaic (PV) panels. A solar energy harvesting WSN (SEH-WSN) node utilizes exponential decision-dynamic duty cycle scheduling based on prospective increase in energy (ED-DSP) to save battery energy by adjusting the duty cycle from an exponential curve and future solar energy. To estimate the prospective solar energy, a prediction technique is applied, but does not guarantee 100% accuracy. Hence, this paper proposes a Markov Decision Process (MDP) to schedule a duty cycle of an SEH-WSN node instead of the ED-DSP depending on the predicted energy. We evaluate its performance via MATLAB simulations with simple irradiance models and real annual irradiance data. The results show that the MDP policy outperforms the ED-DSP.
Highlights
C URRENTLY, many fields have seen a dramatic increase in sensor applications, especially in healthcare, agriculture, environmental monitoring and forecasting, transportation, security, and disaster management
WORKS This section will provide the notations used in this article, followed by a presentation of the background and related works on Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols for EH-wireless sensor networks (WSNs), solar energy harvesting WSN (SEH-WSN) nodes, solar irradiance and solar charging models, and an Markov Decision Process (MDP)
Part two is the results of simulating the MDP policy with the mathematical model comparing to the ED-DSP
Summary
C URRENTLY, many fields have seen a dramatic increase in sensor applications, especially in healthcare, agriculture, environmental monitoring and forecasting, transportation, security, and disaster management These sensors are connected to various technologies such as the Internet of Thing (IoT), cloud computing, nanotechnology, and big data. This section will provide the notations used in this article, followed by a presentation of the background and related works on MAC protocols for EH-WSNs, SEH-WSN nodes, solar irradiance and solar charging models, and an MDP. These subjects will initiate knowledge of our proposed method. The letter P with curly brackets as P {event} is applied
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