Abstract
The negative environmental impacts of using fossil fuel-powered vehicles underlined the need for inventing an alternative eco-friendly transportation fleet. Plug-in electrical vehicles (PEVs) are introduced to cut the continuing increase in energy use and carbon emission of the urban mobility. However, the increased demand for mobility, and therefore energy, can create constraints on the power network which can reduce the benefits of electrification as a certain and reliable source. Thus, the rise in the use of electric vehicles needs electric grids to be able to feed the increased energy demand while the current infrastructure supports it. In this paper, we introduce a methodological framework for scheduling smart PEVs charging by considering the uncertainties and battery degradation. This framework includes an economic model for charging and discharging of PEVs which has been implemented in a 21-node sample distribution network with a wind turbine as a distributed generation (DG) unit. Our proposed approach indicates that the optimal charging of the PEVs has a high impact on the distribution network operation, particularly under the high market penetration of PEVs. Thus, the smart grid to vehicle (G2V) charging mode is a potential solution to maximize the PEV’s owner profit, while considering the battery degradation cost of the PEVs. The simulation result indicates that smart charging effectuation is economical.
Highlights
The rapid growth in urban mobility and the corresponding increase in energy use, greenhouse gas emissions, (GHG), air quality [1], and their externalities have driven more people to switch from their conventional cars to cleaner fleets, electric cars
G2V is the common type of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) charging procedure, where power goes from grid to vehicle, but V2G, which has various applications in the power system auxiliary services, transfers power from vehicle to grid
We compared three ways of PEVs charging including uncoordinated charging, smart charging, and V2G charging in a sample distribution network with/without considering the wind generation
Summary
The rapid growth in urban mobility and the corresponding increase in energy use, greenhouse gas emissions, (GHG), air quality [1], and their externalities have driven more people to switch from their conventional cars to cleaner fleets, electric cars. The second approach is managing the demand by considering the driving behaviors and charging schedules for cars and predicting the load pattern that the PEVs force on a daily basis. In this approach, if the pricing and rate structure are correctly planned, the demand for additional peak capacity investment will be declined and the cost of PEVs charging will be reduced, in one hand. If the pricing and rate structure are correctly planned, the demand for additional peak capacity investment will be declined and the cost of PEVs charging will be reduced, in one hand It improves the stability of the grid, on the other hand. In G2V and V2G, the aggregator can control and operate a group of PEVs and these vehicles act like storage systems
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
