Abstract
There is a growing interest in plug-in electric vehicles (EVs). Charging EVs from smart microgrids fueled by renewable energy resources is becoming a popular green approach. Although some works have been done on renewable energy sources and EVs in smart microgrids, the stochastic characteristics and the dynamic interplay between these two important green solutions should be carefully considered. Furthermore, one of the important performance metrics, service availability for EVs, is largely ignored in the existing works. In this article, we study the charging policies in smart microgrids with EVs and renewable energy sources. We analyze service availability under different charging policies. Based on the renewable energy sources states, battery states, and the number of charging EVs, an optimal charging policy is obtained to maximize the energy utilization with service availability constraints. We formulate the optimal charging problem as a stochastic decision process. Maximizing the energy utilization with service availability constraints is the objective in our model. Extensive simulation results are presented. It is illustrated that the proposed scheme can significantly improve the service availability for EVs in microgrids fueled by renewable energy sources.
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