Optimal Capacitor Location and Sizing for Reducing the Power Loss on the Power Distribution Systems due to the Dynamic Load of the Electric Buses Charging System using the Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm

Abstract

The modern power distribution system is connected to many loads, affecting the power system reliability and causing more power loss. One of the new loads is the battery charging station for electric vehicles or electric buses. The charging load will have a charge that varies with the operating time of each vehicle. Therefore, this article focuses on optimal capacitor location and sizing for reducing the power loss on the power distribution systems due to the dynamic load of the electric bus system using the artificial bee colony algorithm. The dynamic charging load of 3 types of electric bus systems was applied: Plug-in charging, Pantograph charging, and Battery swapping charging. The simulation results show that the installation of 0.3167 MVar capacitors for Plug-in electric bus systems reduced the power loss by 0.5465 MWh. In comparison, the installation of 0.2893 MVar capacitors for the Pantograph electric bus systems reduces the power loss by 0.5459 MWh. The installation of 0.2922 MVar capacitors for the Battery swapping systems reduces the power loss of 0.5517 MWh. The installation of shunt capacitors can reduce the power distribution system's power loss and the benefit of capacitors installing 1,501.27, 1,443.76, and 1,474.02 USD/year, respectively.