Abstract
Glycerol (G) acetic acid (AA) esterification was conducted in an infrared irradiation (IRI) aided batch reactor for maximization of diacetin and triacetin yield (DT) using pork bone derived hydroxyapatite supported antimony (Sb) oxide catalyst. The catalyst possessed appreciable 40m2/g specific surface area; 4.5nm modal pore diameter and 0.0485cc/g pore volume with prominent Sb2O5 crystalline phase. Under derived optimal condition, 40% Sb precursor loading, 100°C reaction temperature and 6:1 AA:G mole ratio resulted maximum DT yield (88±1%). Notably, to achieve maximum DT yield (88±1%), conventionally heated batch reactor consumed 6 times more energy (reaction time 6h at 300J/s energy input rate) in comparison with IRI reactor (reaction time 2h at 150J/s energy input rate), indicating remarkable energy-efficiency of IRI. Additionally, synthesized product as additive to palm biodiesel evinced emission reduction by 50% and 20% for CO and HC respectively with 2 degrees depression in pour point.
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