Optimal battery preheating in critical subzero ambient condition using different preheating arrangement and advance pyro linear thermal insulation

Abstract

Low temperatures have a substantial impact on the overall performance of traction batteries (0°C and below) as a result, it is essential in developing an effective battery preheating that can efficiently heat up batteries and aid in the start-up of electric cars or energy storage in cold climates. This study explores three different heating methods to find the optimal placement of heating films. Furthermore, based on optimal placement of heating films, we introduced wall-enhanced pyro lining thermal insulation to store potential generated heating temperature inside the battery pack for a longer duration even though power supply from heater is cut-off. The achieved results suggest's, heating model 1 (front face heater) provides uniform heating as compared to heating mode 2 (side face films) and heating mode 3 (bottom face films). In addition to the heating modes, the battery thickness, heat transfer coefficient (HTC) and heating power are explored in the article. The conclusive results show, with heating method 1 time required to achieved 25℃ from initiating battery temperature low as −20℃ required 624s along with ΔT of 3.51℃, heating method 2 required 395s with ΔT of 33.19℃, and heating method 3 required 290s along with ΔT of 59.04℃. Similarly from the parametric and statistical investigation over the influence of HTC on required heater energy, we conclude that by increasing the amount of HTC, energy required by heater also increases qualitatively as suggested with HTC of 5 W/m2K, 624s of time is required along with 1020 J of energy; for HTC of 10W/m2K, 700s is required with 1150 J of energy; and for HTC of 15 W/m2K, 765s is required with 1280 J of energy. Similarly for the objective of storing maximum generated heat inside the volumetric domain of battery pack when heater power is cut-off at 25°C, the internal temperature of generic model drops by 20°C by the end of 1000s, on other hand improved model drops only 4°C of temperature by the end of 1000s.